Advanced Placement (AP) Chemistry Practice Exam

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Which of the following statements about ionic bonds is true?

  1. They involve shared electrons between the bonded atoms

  2. They are formed only between two nonmetals

  3. They result from the transfer of electrons from one atom to another

  4. They are characterized by delocalized electrons

The correct answer is: They result from the transfer of electrons from one atom to another

Ionic bonds are primarily characterized by the transfer of electrons from one atom, typically a metal, to another atom, usually a nonmetal. This transfer results in the formation of charged ions: cations (positively charged) and anions (negatively charged). The electrostatic attraction between these oppositely charged ions forms a strong bond, characteristic of ionic compounds. This fundamental understanding of ionic bonding highlights why the statement regarding the electron transfer is accurate, as it defines the basic mechanism by which ionic compounds are formed. Other options present different bonding scenarios; for instance, shared electrons indicate covalent bonds, while characteristics like delocalized electrons pertain to metallic bonding, not ionic interactions.

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